比较两个同类型 struct 是否相等,可以用 reflect.DeepEqual
和 cmp.Equal
,也可以使用硬编码比较,下面看看它们的性能如何。
定义一个有多种数据类型的 struct
,如:
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type T struct {
X int
Y string
Z []int
M map[string]string
}
reflect.DeepEqual
这是内置的函数
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reflect.DeepEqual(t2, t1)
cmp.Equal
引入库 github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp
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cmp.Equal(t2, t1)
硬编码比较
对一种特定的 struct 比较,
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func customEqual(t1, t2 T) bool {
if t1.X != t2.X {
return false
}
if t1.Y != t2.Y {
return false
}
if len(t1.Z) != len(t2.Z) {
return false
}
for i, v := range t1.Z {
if t2.Z[i] != v {
return false
}
}
if len(t1.M) != len(t2.M) {
return false
}
for k := range t1.M {
if t2.M[k] != t1.M[k] {
return false
}
}
return true
}
性能测试代码
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package main
// go test -v cmp_test.go -bench "Benchmark" -benchmem
import (
"reflect"
"testing"
"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
)
type T struct {
X int
Y string
Z []int
M map[string]string
}
var (
t1 = T{
X: 1,
Y: "lei",
Z: []int{1, 2, 3},
M: map[string]string{
"a": "111112222",
"c": "9",
"b": "2222",
},
}
t2 = T{
X: 1,
Y: "lei",
Z: []int{1, 2, 3},
M: map[string]string{
"a": "111112222",
"c": "9",
"b": "3333",
},
}
)
func customEqual(t1, t2 T) bool {
if t1.X != t2.X {
return false
}
if t1.Y != t2.Y {
return false
}
if len(t1.Z) != len(t2.Z) {
return false
}
for i, v := range t1.Z {
if t2.Z[i] != v {
return false
}
}
if len(t1.M) != len(t2.M) {
return false
}
for k := range t1.M {
if t2.M[k] != t1.M[k] {
return false
}
}
return true
}
func customEqual2(t1, t2 T) bool {
if t1.X != t2.X {
return false
}
if t1.Y != t2.Y {
return false
}
if len(t1.Z) != len(t2.Z) {
return false
}
for i, v := range t1.Z {
if t2.Z[i] != v {
return false
}
}
if len(t1.M) != len(t2.M) {
return false
}
for k := range t1.M {
if t2.M[k] != t1.M[k] {
return false
}
}
return true
}
func Benchmark_reflect_DeepEqual(b *testing.B) {
b.ResetTimer()
defer b.StopTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
reflect.DeepEqual(t2, t1)
}
}
func Benchmark_cmp_Equal(b *testing.B) {
b.ResetTimer()
defer b.StopTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
cmp.Equal(t2, t1)
}
}
func Benchmark_custom_Equal(b *testing.B) {
b.ResetTimer()
defer b.StopTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
customEqual(t2, t1)
}
}
测试结果
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goos: darwin
goarch: amd64
cpu: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4870HQ CPU @ 2.50GHz
Benchmark_reflect_DeepEqual
Benchmark_reflect_DeepEqual-8 688875 1595 ns/op 483 B/op 18 allocs/op
Benchmark_cmp_Equal
Benchmark_cmp_Equal-8 139269 8421 ns/op 2840 B/op 52 allocs/op
Benchmark_custom_Equal
Benchmark_custom_Equal-8 10542481 111.9 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
PASS
从实行时间上看,耗时比较:
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cmp.Equal > reflect.DeepEqual * 5 > customEqual * 75
如果程序只对固定的 struct 做是否相等的比较,追求性能就考虑自己写比较函数。
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